Solid-liquid separation is a problem often faced by the chemical industry, and there are three main methods that are more commonly used: filtration, gravity sedimentation and centrifugal separation. Please follow HuaDa to learn more about them.
When a mixture of solution and solids is mixed together and passes through a filter, this is the precipitate that will remain on the filter, and the filtered solution we call it filtrate.
Sedimentation method, also known as gravity sedimentation method, it is relying on the role of the earth's gravitational field, mainly in the solid-liquid separation equipment using the density difference between particles and fluid, so that the relative movement and sedimentation, that is, gravity sedimentation. Gravity settling is the simplest method of separating dust particles from the air stream. However, gravity settling has limitations, only when the particles are large and the gas velocity is small, the effect of gravity settling will be more obvious.
Centrifugal separation is a method of separating substances with different specific gravities by means of centrifugal force. As tailings treatment equipment such as centrifuges can generate a fairly high angular velocity, the centrifugal force is much greater than that of gravity and thus enables the separation of substances.
Practical solid-liquid separation in industry does not only use a single separation method, but a combination of two or three separation methods, for example using centrifugal sedimentation and centrifugal filtration. A single separation method is limited in its effectiveness, does not achieve the desired results and may require additional input of raw materials.
In practice, in order to improve the effect of solid-liquid separation, a reasonable solid-liquid separation process needs to be determined by considering various aspects, mainly the following measures:
1. Using a combined process, i.e. combining two or more solid-liquid separation means in a reasonable way and optimising the configuration, such as the combination of settling and filtration, the combination of cyclone and filtration and settling separation, etc. This approach is very widely used in mineral processing.
2. The use of coagulation and flocculation and other means and additives to improve the settling speed and filtration speed.
3. The use of pre-coating and filtering aids to improve filtration performance and increase filtration speed.
4. Use of auxiliary means such as electric and magnetic fields to promote filtration and separation.
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